Eur Rome, or Esposizione Universale Roma, is a fascinating district in Rome that offers a unique blend of modern architecture and historical context. Originally conceived in the 1930s as the site for the 1942 World’s Fair, EUR Rome showcases grand designs and serves as a testament to 20th-century Italian architecture and urban planning. While the World’s Fair never took place due to World War II, EUR Rome was developed and today stands as a distinctive part of the Eternal City, different from the ancient center yet equally compelling to explore.
The Marconi Obelisk: A Tribute to Innovation
Dominating the landscape of EUR Rome is the Marconi Obelisk. This impressive 45-meter tall monument, designed by artist Arturo Dazzi, was envisioned as part of the district’s original plan, although it was finalized in 1959. Crafted from concrete and clad in Carrara marble slabs adorned with high reliefs, the obelisk is a striking tribute to Guglielmo Marconi. Marconi, a celebrated Italian inventor, is renowned for his groundbreaking work in radio transmission and was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1909. The obelisk stands proudly on Via Cristoforo Colombo, a major thoroughfare in EUR Rome, making it a prominent landmark visible throughout the area. Reflecting the spirit of innovation, many streets in EUR Rome are named after Italian explorers and inventors, as well as concepts embodying human progress like Technology, Agriculture, Humanism, Industry, and Art.
Basilica of Saints Peter and Paul: Resilience and Grandeur
The Basilica of Saints Peter and Paul is another significant landmark within EUR Rome, embodying both resilience and architectural grandeur. Construction began in 1939, but was dramatically interrupted by World War II, during which the site suffered bombing damage. In 1943, the area tragically became a battleground between Italian and German forces. Despite these hardships, the basilica was completed and inaugurated in 1955. The church features a classic Greek cross layout and is crowned by a magnificent dome, measuring 32 meters in diameter. This dome ranks among the largest and tallest in Rome, contributing to the basilica’s imposing presence and spiritual significance within EUR Rome.
Rome Convention Center – “The Cloud”: Modern Architectural Marvel
For enthusiasts of contemporary design, the Rome Convention Center, known as “The Cloud,” is a must-see in EUR Rome. Completed in 2014, this expansive modern complex, designed by acclaimed architect Massimiliano Fuksas, presents a stunning example of innovative architecture. The centerpiece is the suspended “cloud” structure within the glass building, housing an auditorium capable of accommodating 1,800 people. This project exemplifies conceptual art, showcasing advanced technology to create a unique and environmentally conscious space. Beyond its function as an expo center and hotel complex, “The Cloud” has become a symbol of modern, sustainable architecture, recognized internationally with awards like the 2012 Best Building Site Prize from the Royal Institute of British Architects.
Museums of EUR Rome: Exploring History and Culture
EUR Rome is also home to a rich array of museums, offering diverse insights into history, art, and culture:
- Museo dell’Alto Medioevo (The Early Middle Ages Museum): Delves into the history and artifacts of the early medieval period.
- Museo delle Arti e Tradizioni Popolari (The Museum of Arts and Popular Traditions): Showcases Italian folk art, traditions, and cultural heritage.
- Museo Preistorico Etnografico L. Pigorini (The Pigorini Prehistoric Ethnographic Museum): Features a vast collection of prehistoric and ethnographic artifacts.
- Museo della Civiltà Romana (The Museum of Roman Civilization): Offers an extensive exhibition on ancient Roman civilization and history.
Palazzo dello Sport (PALAEUR): An Olympic Legacy
The Palazzo dello Sport, also known as PALAEUR, stands as a testament to Rome’s hosting of the 1960 Olympic Games. Perched atop one of EUR Rome’s southern hills, this sports arena was specifically built for the Olympics and can host up to 20,000 spectators. Today, Palazzo dello Sport is a versatile venue, hosting not only sporting events but also concerts, large-scale parties, and conferences, making it a dynamic hub within EUR Rome.
EUR Rome is a district that contrasts yet complements the historical heart of Rome. Its wide avenues, striking 20th-century architecture, and collection of cultural institutions make it a worthwhile destination for visitors seeking to explore a different facet of Rome’s urban landscape.
